Αόριστος/Simple Past tense in Greek. Part 3.

Αόριστος/Simple Past tense in Greek. Part 3.

Lesson 44

            In today’s lesson we will learn how to form the Αόριστος tense of the verbs

            ending in Ενεστώτας (Present tense) in –εύω. We learnt that the active verbs

            ending in Present tense in –εύω are written with –ευ (epsilon-ipsilon). There

            is only one exception, the verb κλέβω (I steal), which is written with –β (veta).

            The verbs ending in Present tense in –εύω (or –έβω), have in Simple Past

            tense a –ψ (psi). The Present tense’s –εύω, becomes in Αόριστος tense –ψα.

            Τhe steps we have to follow to form the Simple Past tense of these verbs:

1.      We remove from the Present tense’s first singular person the last two

letters.

2.      We add the consonant –ψ.

3.      We add the Simple Past tense’s personal endings.

4.      We put the accent mark in the third from the end syllable.

For example:

δουλεύω (I work)

1.      δουλε-

2.      δουλε-ψ-

3.      δουλε-ψ-α

4.      δούλεψα

χορεύω (I dance)

1.      χορε-

2.      χορε-ψ-

3.      χορε-ψ-α

4.      χόρεψα

μαγειρεύω (I cook) – μαγείρεψα

πιστεύω (I believe) – πίστεψα

λατρεύω (I adore) – λάτρεψα

ταξιδεύω (I travel) – ταξίδεψα

In this group of verbs there are some exceptions, a few verbs ending in Present

tense in –εύω, which in Αόριστος tense end in –εύσα.

What we have to do with these verbs is:

1.      To remove from the Present tense’s first singular person the last syllable,

the vowel –ω (omega).

2.      To add to the stable part of the verb the consonant –σ (sigma).

3.      To add the Simple Past tense’s personal endings.

4.      To put the accent mark in the third from the end syllable.

For example:

εκπαιδεύω (I educate, I teach, I train)

1.      εκπαιδεύ-

2.      εκπαιδευ – σ-

3.      εκπαιδευ – σ – α

4.      εκπαίδευσα

Τwo other verbs which in Simple Past tense end in –ευσα, are:

μεταναστεύω (I emigrate) – μετανάστευσα

ερμηνεύω (I interpret) – ερμήνευσα   

 

Αόριστος
εγώ	χόρεψα	πίστεψα	ερμήνευσα	λάτρεψα
εσύ	χόρεψες	πίστεψες	ερμήνευσες	λάτρεψες
αυτός/αυτή αυτό	χόρεψε	πίστεψε	ερμήνευσε	λάτρεψε
εμείς	χορέψαμε	πιστέψαμε	ερμηνεύσαμε	λατρέψαμε
εσείς	χορέψατε	πιστέψατε	ερμηνεύσατε	λατρέψατε
αυτοί/αυτές/ αυτά	χόρεψαν/ χορέψανε	πίστεψαν/ πιστέψανε	ερμήνευσαν/ ερμηνεύσανε	λάτρεψαν/ λατρέψανε

Αόριστος/Simple Past tense in Greek. Part 2.

Αόριστος/Simple Past tense in Greek. Part 2.

Lesson 43

            In the last lesson we learnt how to form from Ενεστώτας (Present tense),

            the Αόριστος tense of the verbs ending in Present tense in –ώνω. In this

            lesson we will learn the Αόριστος tense of the active verbs ending in

            Present tense in –ίζω. We already know that their second from the end

            syllable’s i in Present tense is written with –ι (yota). They maintain the

            -ι in all persons and tenses. The verbs ending in Present tense in –ίζω, end

            in Αόριστος tense in –ισα. For example: ζωγραφίζω (I paint/I draw).

 Let’s see the steps we have to follow:

            First step: we take the Present tense’s first singular person and we remove

            the last syllable. ζωγραφί –

            Second step: We add to the stable part of the verb the consonant –σ (sigma).

            ζωγραφι – σ –

            Third step: We add the Simple Past tense’s personal endings.

            ζωγραφι – σ – α

            Forth step: We put the accent mark in the third from the end syllable.

            ζωγράφισα

            We always follow the same steps. So we have:

            καπνίζω-κάπνισα (I smoke)

            χτενίζω – χτένισα (I comb)

            καθαρίζω – καθάρισα (I clean)

            σκουπίζω – σκούπισα (I sweep, I I wipe, I dry)

            διαφημίζω – διαφήμισα (I advertise)

            Also there are some exceptions, so some verbs ending in Present tense in

            ΄-izo, but their second from the end syllable’s “i” is not written with yota.

            For example: αθροίζω (I add up).

            We follow again the same steps, so we have:

            αθροίζω – άθροισα (I add up)

            δανείζω – δάνεισα (I loan I lend)

            δακρύζω – δάκρυσα (I tear, I fill with tears)

            συγχύζω – σύγχυσα (I upset, I perturb)

·         In this group of verbs there are some two syllable verbs ending in –izo,

but we will talk about them in the lesson we will learn how to form

the Αόριστος tense of the two syllable verbs.

Αόριστος
εγώ	καθάρισα	χτένισα	άθροισα	δάκρυσα
εσύ	καθάρισες	χτένισες	άθροισες	δάκρυσες
αυτός	καθάρισε	χτένισε	άθροισε	δάκρυσε
αυτή	καθάρισε	χτένισε	άθροισε	δάκρυσε
αυτό	καθάρισε	χτένισε	άθροισε	δάκρυσε
εμείς	καθαρίσαμε	χτενίσαμε	αθροίσαμε	δακρύσαμε
εσείς	καθαρίσατε	χτενίσατε	αθροίσατε	δακρύσατε
αυτοί/αυτές/ αυτά	καθάρισαν/ καθαρίσανε	χτένισαν/ χτενίσανε	άθροισαν/ αθροίσανε	δάκρυσαν/ δακρύσανε