13ο μάθημα (Lesson 13)

13^ο μάθημα (Lesson 13)

            Present tense’s orthography/ Spelling rules:

1.      All the first group verbs ending in –ono, are always written with

-ω. They have –ω in the second from the end syllable and  they

maintain it in all persons and tenses.

ανακυκλώνω: I recycle

αναδασώνω: I reforest, I replant with trees.

ανανεώνω: I renew

2.      The first group verbs ending in –izo are written with –ι (yota).

ζωγραφίζω: I draw, I paint

φωτογραφίζω: I photograph, I take pictures

ψωνίζω: I buy, I go shopping

Exceptions:

αθροίζω: I add up

            δακρύζω: I shed tears, fill with tears

δανείζω: I loan, lend

πήζω: I congeal, curdle, set

            πρήζω: I swell, give a hard time (metaphorically)

            αναβλύζω: I spring, I gush, spout

            κατακλύζω: I flood, inundate (metaphorically)

            συγχύζω: I upset, perturb

            σφύζω: I pulsate, throb, beat 

3.      The active first group verbs ending in –evo are written with –ευ.

δουλεύω: I work

ψαρεύω: I fish

χορεύω: I dance

Exception:

            κλέβω: I steal, I swipe, I filch, I rob, I kidnap

4.      Τhe first group verbs ending in –eno are written with –αι.

μαθαίνω: I learn, I teach, I hear (news)

καταλαβαίνω: I understand, I comprehend

πηγαίνω: I go

Exceptions:

μένω: I stay, I remain, I live, be left

δένω: : I tie, I bind, I fetter, I bandage

πλένω: I wash, I scrub, I launder

επιμένω: I insist, I persevere

περιμένω: I wait, I look forward to, I expect

ξεπλένω: I rinse, I wash

            ξεδένω: I untie

            ξαναδένω:  I tie again

            προσμένω: I wait,  I look forward

            αναμένω: I await, I wat, I expect

            υπομένω: I endure, I bear, I am patient

5.      The first group verbs ending in –avo are written with –β.

ανάβω: I light, I set fire, I turn on, I switch on, I get irritated

σκάβω: I dig, I excavate

θάβω: I bury, I inter

Exceptions:

παύω: I cease, I stop, I keep silent

αναπαύω: I rest, I give rest

καταπαύω: I cease, I stop

απολαύω: I profit, I enjoy

6.      Τhe first group verbs ending in –erno are written with –ε.

φέρνω: I bring, I bear, I carry, I lead, I take

δέρνω: I beat, I thrash

σπέρνω: I sow

σέρνω: I drag, I pull, I trail, I plod, I lug

γδέρνω: I skin, I flay

γέρνω: I tilt, I bend, I lean, I incline

Exception:

παίρνω: I take, I get

7.      Τhe first group verbs ending in –iazo are written with –ι.

αγκαλιάζω: I embrace, I hug, I encircle

ξαφνιάζω: I startle, I frighten

νευριάζω: I irritate, I get on s.o’s nerves, I get angry

Exceptions:

αδειάζω: I empty, I vacate

μονοιάζω: I reconcile, I make up

μοιάζω: I resemble, I look like

εκθειάζω: I praise, I extol

Δωδέκατο μάθημα (lesson 12)

Δωδέκατο μάθημα (lesson 12)

Ενεστώτας/Present tense

            First group: includes verbs in –ω (without accent mark).

            Verbs ending in –αίνω.

            Αll the first group verbs ending in –αίνω are written with –αι. They have

            -αι in the second from the end syllable.

            ανεβαίνω: I ascend, I go/come up, I rise

            κατεβαίνω: I descend, go/come down

            μπαίνω: I enter, go/come/get in

            Μπαίνω μέσα στο δωμάτιο (I go/come into the room).

            Μπαίνω στο νόημα (I catch on quickly).

            Μπαίνω μέσα (I lose money).

            βγαίνω: I go/come out, I exit, I walk out, be elected, be published

            πηγαίνω: I go

            Πηγαίνω στο σχολείο με το λεωφορείο (I go to school by bus).

            Το ρολόι μου πηγαίνει μπροστά (My watch is fast).

            Το ρολόι μου πηγαίνει πίσω (My watch is slow).

            Σου πηγαίνει αυτό το φόρεμα (This dress suits you).

            Πηγαίνω βόλτα (I go for a stroll).

            μαθαίνω: I learn, I teach, I hear (news)

            Μαθαίνω ελληνικά (I learn greek).

            Μαθαίνω τα νέα (I learn/hear the news).

            Μαθαίνω στους μαθητές μου τον Αόριστο (I am teaching to my students

            the Simple Past).

            ανασαίνω: I breathe, I respire

            ζεσταίνω: I warm, I heat

            χορταίνω: I satiate, I sate, I satisfy, I am full

            παχαίνω: I put on weight, I get fat, I fatten

            λεπταίνω: I make thin, I become slender, I drop weight

            σωπαίνω: I silence

            καταλαβαίνω: I understand, I comprehend

            Δεν σε καταλαβαίνω (I don’t understand you).

            Their conjugation is same with the conjugation of all first group verbs in

            Present tense.

            εγώ μαθαίνω

            εσύ μαθαίνεις

            αυτός/ αυτή/ αυτό μαθαίνει

            εμείς μαθαίνουμε

            εσείς μαθαίνετε

            αυτοί/ αυτές/ αυτά μαθαίνουν/ μαθαίνουνε

            Exceptions:

            There are some exceptions, the verbs μένω, δένω, πλένω, and some compound

            verbs which are formed from the combination of one of these three verbs and

            a preposition, which are written with –ε (epsilon).

            μένω: I stay, I remain, I live, be left

            Πού μένεις; (Where are you staying/ Where do you live?)

            Δεν έμεινε (Simple Past) τίποτα (There is nothing left).

            Έμεινα από βενζίνη (I ran out of gas/ petrol).

            δένω: I tie, I bind, I fetter, I bandage

            πλένω: I wash, I scrub, I launder

            επιμένω: I insist, I persevere

            περιμένω: I wait, I look forward to, I expect

            Περιμένω τη μητέρα μου (I am waiting for my mother).

            Περιμένω να μου ζητήσεις συγγνώμη (I expect an apology).

            ξεπλένω: I rinse, I wash

            ξεδένω: I untie

            ξαναδένω:  I tie again

            προσμένω: I wait,  I look forward

            αναμένω: I await, I wat, I expect

            υπομένω: I endure, I bear, I am patient