Greek correct spelling rules. How to write correctly the sound “I”

Greek correct spelling rules. How to write correctly the sound “I”

Lesson 27

                 In Greek we can write the sound “i” with 6 different ways, 3 vowels (η, ι, υ)

                and 3 diphthongs (ει, οι, υι). Ιn ancient Greek their pronunciation was different,

                 but today we pronounce all of them the same, this is why we should learn

                some grammatical rules to avoid the mistakes. The rules can mainly help us to

                write correctly the endings of the words.

                First rule: The feminine definite article in Singular is written with η (eta) in all

                cases. Nominative:     η

                            Genitive:           της

                            Accusative:      τη/ την

                Second rule: The feminine definite article in Genitive Singular is της and it is

                written with eta. Another definite article sounds exactly the same is the  feminine

                definite article in Accusative Plural, which is written with yota   (τις).

                Third rule: The feminine and masculine definite article in Nominative Plural is

                same and it is written with omicron-yota (οι).

                οι γάτες (feminine noun-the cats)

                οι τραγουδιστές (masculine noun-the singers)

                Fourth rule: The feminine nouns which in Nominative Singular end in “i” are

                written in all cases in Singular with eta.

                η λίμνη

                της λίμνης

                τη λίμνη 

                The noun’s endings are exactly same with the definite article.

                Fifth rule: The masculine nouns and adjectives which in Nominative Singular end in

                -os, in Nominative and Vocative Plural end in –i, and this “i” is written with omicron-

                Yota (οι)

                Examples: ο άνθρωπος (masculine noun-human being)

                Nominative Plural: οι άνθρωποι

                Vocative Plural:        -  άνθρωποι

                o ψηλός (masculine adjective-tall)

                Nominative Plural: οι ψηλοί

                Vocative Plural:        -  ψηλοί