B2 verbs and their conjugation in Present tense and Simple Past.

B2 verbs and their conjugation in Present tense and Simple Past.

Today we will talk about the active verbs ending in a stressed omega and their conjugation in Present tense and Simple Past. We know that we divide the active verbs into two conjugations. In the first conjugation there are verbs ending in Present tense’s first singular person in omega without accent (-ω). For example παίρνω/ I take, δίνω/ I give.

The second conjugation’s verbs are divided in two smaller groups. The b1 verbs end in first singular person in –άω/-ώ. This means that they have two different forms. So in b1 group there are verbs like αγαπάω-αγαπώ/I love. The verb ends either in –άω or in a stressed omega. In b2 group there are verbs ending in a stressed omega (-ώ). For example μισώ/ I hate.

So as you can understand it is very important when you see a verb ending in a stressed omega to know if it belongs in b1 or b2 groups, because their conjugation is different. This is why when we learnt   the b1 verbs I made a list of the most important verbs ending in –άω/-ώ and this is what I am going to do today again for the b2 verbs.

First of all let’s learn how to conjugate the b2 verbs in Present tense.

εγώ μισώ/ I hate

εσύ μισείς

αυτός/ αυτή/ αυτό μισεί

εμείς μισούμε

εσείς μισείτε

αυτοί/ αυτές/ αυτά μισούν/ μισούνε

All the verbs belonging to b2 group have the same endings.

εγώ μπορώ/I can

εσύ μπορείς

αυτός/ αυτή/ αυτό μπορεί

εμείς μπορούμε

εσείς μπορείτε

αυτοί/ αυτές/ αυτά μπορούν/ μπορούνε

 

Now, let’s go to Aoristos, the Greek Simple Past. We already know that the final endings in Simple Past are identical for the verbs belonging to all the groups.

Only the letters before the final ending differ according to the verbs’ group.

The b2 verbs end in Simple Past’s first singular person in –ησα or –εσα. Τhe majority of them end in –ησα without accent. Let me remind you that in Simple Past the accent goes to the third syllable from the end. Let’s see.

εγώ ακολουθώ/I follow

 To form the simple past, we remove from the present tense’s first singular person the ending, so the stressed omega and then we add the b2 simple past’s ending, -ησα.

εγώ ακολούθησα

εσύ ακολούθησες

αυτός/ αυτή / αυτό ακολούθησε

εμείς ακολουθήσαμε

εσείς ακολουθήσατε

αυτοί/ αυτές/ αυτά ακολούθησαν/ ακολουθήσανε

Αs you can see the accent is always in the third from the end syllable.

 

εγώ αργώ/to be late

 We remove the ending, so the vowel omega and we add to the stable part of the verb the ending –ησα.

εγώ άργησα

εσύ άργησες

αυτός/ αυτή/ αυτό άργησε

εμείς αργήσαμε

εσείς αργήσατε

αυτοί/ αυτές/ αυτά άργησαν/ αργήσανε

 

Αccording to these two verbs, we conjugate the following verbs as well.

ενοχλώ: I trouble, I annoy, I bother- ενόχλησα

εξηγώ: I explain, I make clear- εξήγησα

κατοικώ: I reside, I inhabit- κατοίκησα

κυκλοφορώ: I circulate- κυκλοφόρησα

λειτουργώ: to operate, to function, to be in order- λειτούργησα

μισώ: I hate- μίσησα

οδηγώ: I guide, I lead, I drive- οδήγησα

 πληροφορώ: I inform, I notify-πληροφόρησα

προσπαθώ: I try, I make an effort- προσπάθησα

δημιουργώ: I create- δημιούργησα

χρησιμοποιώ: I use-χρησιμοποίησα

επιχειρώ: I attempt, I undertake, I try- επιχείρησα

ευχαριστώ: I thank, I please, I satisfy- ευχαρίστησα

θεωρώ: I view, I certify, I consider- θεώρησα

αδιαφορώ: to be indifferent, to ignore- αδιαφόρησα

απειλώ: I menace, I intimidate, I threaten- απείλησα

φορολογώ: I tax, I impose a tax-φορολόγησα

ικανοποιώ: I satisfy- ικανοποίησα

δικαιολογώ: I justify, I excuse- δικαιολόγησα

συγκινώ: I move, I touch, I affect, I excite- συγκίνησα

εξαντλώ: I exhaust- εξάντλησα

αγνοώ: to ignore, to unaware-αγνόησα

 

As I told you there are also a few b2 verbs which in Simple Past end in –εσα. To find their simple past form, we follow again the same steps. We take the present tense’s first singular person, for example, μπορώ/I can . We remove the ending, so the vowel omega and we add to the stable part of the verb the ending –εσα.

εγώ μπόρεσα

εσύ μπόρεσες

αυτός/ αυτή/ αυτό μπόρεσε

εμείς μπορέσαμε

εσείς μπορέσατε

αυτοί/ αυτές/ αυτά μπόρεσαν/ μπορέσανε

With the same way we can conjugate the following verbs as well.

αφαιρώ: I subtract, I remove, I deduct - αφαίρεσα

διαιρώ: I divide - διαίρεσα

εκτελώ : I perform, I execute, I carry out – εκτέλεσα

εξαιρώ: I except, I exempt - εξαίρεσα

επαινώ: I praise, I commend - επαίνεσα

καλώ: I call, I invite - κάλεσα

προκαλώ: I challenge, I provoke - προκάλεσα

προσκαλώ: I invite - προσκάλεσα